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[159.127.163.22]) by mx.google.com with ESMTPS id 586e51a60fabf-2efd4db10fasi7304621fac.82.2025.06.30.11.43.18 for (version=TLS1_2 cipher=ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128); Mon, 30 Jun 2025 11:43:18 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of bounce@email.nationalgeographic.com designates 159.127.163.22 as permitted sender) client-ip=159.127.163.22; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; dkim=pass header.i=@email.nationalgeographic.com header.s=ep1 header.b=obxlXn5d; spf=pass (google.com: domain of bounce@email.nationalgeographic.com designates 159.127.163.22 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=bounce@email.nationalgeographic.com; dmarc=pass (p=NONE sp=NONE dis=NONE) header.from=nationalgeographic.com DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=email.nationalgeographic.com; s=ep1; t=1751308924; bh=obkD8stZUByy76QZbfJkvSiK7cIleQ58xdq+ywQ26sE=; h=List-Unsubscribe:List-Unsubscribe-Post:MIME-Version:Subject:From: To:Date:Content-Type; b=obxlXn5da106cdthDspfYS19N2WryfkCo0w/3Flb6dq5LiBZ4vWmHOo+VJnnwN2ky T4I2F1w12KVL+i8k7wdAdzUxLFnpPKukFGaZdcltLTIgv5PwaLT5b4jHuIDf3WgrOZ DsaVN/qhmTtNeQqLpj4Awns7LGemltQt3x54p9vE= Received: from [10.233.84.192] ([10.233.84.192:55836]) by pc1udsmtn2n13 (envelope-from ) (ecelerity 3.6.9.48312 r(Core:3.6.9.0)) with ECSTREAM id E6/60-13148-C7AD2686; Mon, 30 Jun 2025 18:42:04 +0000 List-Unsubscribe: , List-Unsubscribe-Post: List-Unsubscribe=One-Click Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Feedback-ID: dd1d74d1-7b85-4e38-a569-fd35040ab2bf:51c703a2-b031-452b-88bb-2eceb83411f2:email:epslh1 X-NSS: dd1d74d1-7b85-4e38-a569-fd35040ab2bf Reply-To: "ng@email.nationalgeographic.com" Subject: Has Alexander the Great's mysterious death been solved? Plus, how to flirt like the Victorians; Attila the Hun's ruthless warriors From: National Geographic To: sterlingwhg@gmail.com Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2025 18:42:04 +0000 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="-=Part.23bbc47.59ad4ba341c8a0e4.197c22577ad.64529fdb89747480=-" X-Spam-Status: No, score=-10.7 X-Spam-Score: -106 X-Spam-Bar: ---------- X-Spam-Flag: NO ---=Part.23bbc47.59ad4ba341c8a0e4.197c22577ad.64529fdb89747480=- Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC
Plus, in the= spirit of Fourth of July, here=E2=80=99s how the rebels wooed Americans aw= ay from Britain=2E ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ &zw= nj; ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌   ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌&nb= sp;‌   ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌&nb= sp;‌   ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌&nb= sp;‌   ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌&nb= sp;‌   ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌&nb= sp;‌   ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌&nb= sp;‌   ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌&nb= sp;‌   ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌=  ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌&nb= sp;‌ 
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In toda= y=E2=80=99s History newsletter: How to flirt like the Victorians, the treasures that ch= ange what we know about the Celts, and see historic photos celebrating the Fourth of July=2E 

But first: Was Alexander the Great poisoned?
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= PHOTOGRAPH BY SERGIO ANELLI / MONDADORI PORTFOLIO, GETTY IMAGES
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In 323 BC= E, Alexander the Great had been drinking at one of his many all-night banqu= ets when he suddenly fell ill=2E 13 days later, he was dead=E2=80=94yet six= days after his death his body showed no signs of decomposition=2E To the a= ncient Greeks, it was a sign that he was more god than man=2E To the histor= ians and scientists that followed, it was a mystery=2E Now, a Stanford historian may have= found a potential culprit=2E
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= IMAGE COURTESY OF THE PICTURE ART COLLECTION / ALAMY STOCK PHOTO

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In the sp= irit of the Fourth of July, revisit how the Founding Fathers made their cas= e for freedom, and how the Declaration = of Independence convinced Americans to cut ties with a king=2E 
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Thank= s for reading today=E2=80=99s newsletter, edited and curated by Jennifer Ba= ik and produced by Alisher Egamov=2E Catch our latest Ph= oto of the Week =EF=BB=BFevery Sunday=E2=80=94and <= strong>sign up here to get our future adventures in your inbox= =2E   
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